Abantu bavame ukubuza ukuthi badinga ukugqoka i-pair ofizibuko ezivimbela i-blueukuvikela amehlo abo lapho bebuka ikhompuyutha yabo, iphedi noma umakhalekhukhwini.Ingabe i-myopia laser yalungisa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwakudingeka ugqoke izibuko ze-anti blue ray ukuze uvikele iso?Ukuze uphendule le mibuzo, ukuqonda kwesayensi ukukhanya okuluhlaza kuyadingeka kuqala.
Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ubude begagasi obufushane phakathi kuka-400 no-500nm, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yokukhanya kwemvelo.Kwakuqabula ukubona isibhakabhaka esiluhlaza kanye nolwandle oluluhlaza.Kungani ngibona isibhakabhaka nolwandle kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?Lokho kungenxa yokuthi ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okufushane okuvela elangeni kuhlakazwa izinhlayiya eziqinile nomhwamuko wamanzi esibhakabhakeni futhi kungena esweni, okwenza isibhakabhaka sibonakale siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.Lapho ilanga lishaya phezu kolwandle, amagagasi amaningi amuncwa ulwandle, kuyilapho ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kubude beza obufushane bokukhanya okubonakalayo akumuncwa, kubonakale emehlweni futhi kwenze ulwandle lubonakale luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukulimala kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kubhekisela kulokho kukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungafinyelela ngokuqondile ku-fundus, futhi isenzo se-photochemical esibangelwa ukuchayeka singalimaza amaseli e-retinal rod kanye ne-retinal pigment epithelial cell layer (RPE), okuholela ekuwohlokeni kwe-macular okuhlobene neminyaka.Kodwa ngemva kweminyaka yocwaningo, ososayensi bathole ukuthi amaza amaza amafushane kuphela okukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ngaphansi kuka-450nm) ayimbangela eyinhloko yokulimala kwamehlo, futhi umonakalo uhlobene ngokucacile nesikhathi kanye nomthamo wokuchayeka kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ingabe izibani ze-LED ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke ziyingozi ekukhanyeni okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?Izibani ze-LED zikhipha ukukhanya okumhlophe ngokuvuselela i-phosphor ephuzi nge-blue chip.Ngaphansi kwesimo sokushisa kombala ophezulu, kune-crest eqinile ebhandeni eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka le-spectrum yomthombo wokukhanya.Ngenxa yokuba khona koluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ebhendini engaphansi kuka-450nm, kuyadingeka ukulawula ukukhanya okuphezulu noma ukukhanya kwe-LED ngaphakathi kwebanga eliphephile lokukhanyisa okuvamile kwasendlini.Uma phakathi kuka-100kcd·m -- 2 noma 1000lx, le mikhiqizo ayinabungozi ekukhanyeni okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Okulandelayo izinga le-IEC62471 lokuphepha kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ngokuvumelana namehlo avunyelwe ukuhlukaniswa kwesikhathi sokulungisa), leli zinga lisebenza kuyo yonke imithombo yokukhanya ngaphandle kwe-laser, lamukelwe kabanzi ngamazwe:
(1) Ingozi enguziro: t > 10000s, okungukuthi, ayikho ingozi yokukhanya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
(2) Isigaba sezingozi: 100s≤t < 10000s, okuvumela amehlo ubude bemizuzwana engu-10000 ukuthi abheke ngqo emthonjeni wokukhanya ngaphandle kokulimala;
(3) Izingozi ze-Class II: 0.25s≤t < 100s, ezidinga amehlo ukuthi abuke isikhathi somthombo wokukhanya azikwazi ukudlula imizuzwana eyi-100;
(4) Izinhlobo ezintathu zezingozi: t <0.25s, iso elibheke emthonjeni wokukhanya imizuzwana engu-0.25 lingaveza izingozi.
Njengamanje, izibani ezisetshenziswa njengezibani ze-LED ekuphileni kwansuku zonke zihlukaniswa njengezingozi zeSigaba Uziro kanye Nesigaba Sokuqala.Uma ziyizingozi zesigaba sesibili, zinamalebula ayisibopho (" Amehlo awakwazi ukubuka ").Ingozi yokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yesibani se-LED neminye imithombo yokukhanya iyafana, uma ngaphakathi komngcele wokuphepha, le mithombo yokukhanya nezibani zisetshenziswa ngendlela evamile, engenabungozi emehlweni abantu.Ama-ejensi kahulumeni wasekhaya nowangaphandle kanye nezinhlangano zezimboni zokukhanyisa zenze ucwaningo olunzulu nokuhlola okuqhathanisayo nge-photobiosafety yezibani nezinhlelo zamalambu ezihlukahlukene.Isiteshi Sokuhlola Ikhwalithi Yomkhiqizo Wokukhanyisa i-Shanghai sihlole amasampula e-LED angu-27 avela emithonjeni ehlukene, angu-14 awo ayingxenye engeyona ingozi kanti angu-13 awo ayingxenye yengozi yezinga lokuqala.Ngakho kuphephe kakhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele futhi sinake imiphumela enenzuzo yokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emzimbeni.Ososayensi bathole ukuthi amangqamuzana e-retinal ganglion azwela ukukhanya (ipRGC) aveza i-opmelanin, enesibopho semiphumela yebhayoloji engabonakali emzimbeni futhi elawula isigqi se-circadian.I-optic melanin receptor izwela ku-459-485 nm, okuyingxenye ye-wavelength eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kulawula isigqi se-circadian njengokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphaphama, ukulala, izinga lokushisa lomzimba nokubonakaliswa kofuzo ngokuthinta ukukhishwa kwe-optic melanin.Uma isigqi se-circadian siphazamiseka, kubi kakhulu empilweni yomuntu.Ukukhanya okuluhlaza kuye kwabikwa ukuthi kwelapha izimo ezinjengokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka nokuwohloka komqondo.Okwesibili, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nakho kuhlobene eduze nokubona ebusuku.Ukubona ebusuku kukhiqizwa amangqamuzana e-rod azwela ukukhanya, kuyilapho ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kusebenza ikakhulukazi kumaseli e-rod.Ukuvikela ngokweqile ukukhanya okuluhlaza kuzoholela ekwehleni kokubona ebusuku.Ukuhlolwa kwezilwane kuphinde kwathola ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-wavelength emfushane njengokukhanya okwesibhakabhaka kungavimbela i-myopia ezilwaneni zokuhlola.
Sekukonke, akufanele seqe imiphumela eyingozi yokukhanya okuluhlaza emehlweni.Ikhwalithi ye-elekthronikhi isivele ihlunga ukukhanya okuluhlaza kwe-short-wave okuyingozi, ngokuvamile okungenangozi.Izibuko ezivimbelayo eziluhlaza zibalulekile kuphela uma zivezwe kumazinga aphezulu kanye nezikhathi ezinde zokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi abasebenzisi kufanele bagweme ukubuka ngokuqondile imithombo yamaphuzu agqamile.Lapho ukhethaizibuko ezivimbela i-blue, kufanele ukhethe ukuvikela ukukhanya okuluhlaza kwegagasi elifushane okuyingozi ngaphansi kuka-450nm futhi ugcine ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuzuzisayo ngaphezu kuka-450nm kwibhendi ende.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-16-2022